With 5.2 million American customers and over $147 billion in assets, Santander is an outlier: one of a select few European retail banks that has been consistently successful in the US.
Where the likes of BBVA, BNP Paribas, and HSBC, and leading fintechs N26 and Monzo, launched with big plans that didn't withstand contact with reality, Santander's US retail banking arm has been doing well for 20 years.
And while its numbers are nowhere near those of the Big 4, the business is profitable and growing steadily.
So how has Santander succeeded where other US expansions so often fail?
Here's a look at what it has done differently to Monzo, the most recent high-profile US exit of a European bank.